Diagnóstico da Síndrome Podotroclear em Equinos: alterações radiográficas e ultrassonográficas

Abstract

Podotrochlear syndrome, also known as navicular bone syndrome, in horses, is characterized by chronic and progressive pain. Its etiopathogenesis is still not fully understood, but the theory of biomechanics is the most defended. Its diagnosis is performed through orthopedic examination, perineural blocks and complementary exams, the most used being radiography and ultrasound. Radiography becomes the exam of choice for confirmation of this syndrome, the projections of choice are lateromedial, dorsoproximalpalmaro/plantarodistal oblique and palmaro/plantaroproximal-palmaro/plantarodistal oblique, better known as Skyline. Among the alterations found in the radiographic examination, there are changes in the size and number of synovial invaginations, sclerosis, loss of corticomedullary definition and cortical erosion. However, not all animals that present clinical signs present radiographic signs, therefore, lesions in soft tissues that make up the podotrochlear apparatus may be involved. Therefore, the ultrasound examination is relevant. The distal palmar/plantar accesses of the hip and the transcuneal approach are performed and the alterations found mainly affect the deep digital flexor tendon, the navicular bursa and the annular ligament of the distal sesamoid bone.