“Manejo fitotécnico de culturas leguminosas e oleaginosas”

Abstract

Several techniques, which are considered strategic, have been added to the process productive, mainly those that offer maintenance or improvement of environmental conditions, highlighting green manure. Established the fertilization green as a habit by which suitable plants are aggregated or conserved in coverage, before they complete their vegetative cycle, to maintain or increase the capacity soil productivity (AMABILE, ETAL, 1996). In common, legumes are preferred as green manures due to their ability to utilization of atmospheric nitrogen, by the deep root system, high production of biomass and lower C/N ratio, beneficial to decomposition however, plants from other families can be used for this purpose, especially if the objective is to maintenance of the soil cover, and not the incorporation of residues in the soil (MENEZES, LEANDRO, 2004). Other benefits of green manuring are the stimulation of biological activity and the diversity of edaphic biota, retention of nutrients remaining from crops previous ones, the reduction of the erosive process, the introduction of alternative hosts for natural enemies of pests and diseases, in addition to the possibility of species suppression spontaneous plants (PEREIRA, 2004). Tropical legumes such as Crotalaria spectabilis are widely used in agriculture as green manure, mulch, nitrogen fixation, nematodes, nutrient recycling, among others.(CERQUEIRA, D.C.O 2011). AGRO MOGIANA LTDA, a company headquartered in Mogi Mirim-SP, has in its technical staff 6 agronomists and these are partners. The company is in full expansion process, having acquired Terra Vermelha Farm in Rio Verde-GO, which has an area of ​​1000 ha focused on the production of soy and corn