Alterações Congênitas X Histórico Familiar

Abstract

The objective of this study is to describe the congenital changes in family history with several causes, teratogenic factors that cause malformations, which can be classified into three categories: chemical agents (licit and illicit drugs, drugs and chemical substances), agents (infections) and physical agents (ionizing radiation and temperature). In cases of malformed newborns, more than half could be avoided by applying primary prevention measures. For this, it would be necessary to know the frequency of each specific defect to evaluate the impact of a prevention measure and to know the possible causes involved in the specific congenital defects. In several countries around the world, including Brazil, public health programs related to the preventive actions of congenital malformations are related to the fortification of grains and farinaceous with folic acid to reduce the primary occurrence. Such changes in Brazil were recommendations suggested by the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization, in order to reduce the risk of pathologies that compromise the central nervous system (CNS). The objective of this article was to investigate the existence of a relationship between the type of congenital malformation and the neonatal variables (birth weight, gender and gestational age) and maternal variables (gestational drug use, number of prenatal visits, age, income family, education level and number of children).