Métodos diagnósticos da endocardite bacteriana em cães: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Bacterial endocarditis is an infectious process that affects the heart valves, most commonly, mitral and aortic located on the left side, or the endocardium itself. The animals The most affected are medium or large male dogs, due to the occurrence of prostatitis subacute or chronic bacterial infection, which can also affect small dogs, both males and females. In most cases, the clinical signs of the disease are not specific (such as hyperthermia, weight loss, loss of appetite, polydipsia, polyuria, tachypnea, dyspnea, and exercise intolerance), which makes early diagnosis even more difficult. Positive blood culture results are used as diagnostic methods, along with the relationship between the most involved microorganisms, as well as echocardiography, electrocardiogram, radiography, blood count and necropsy. Among the treatment methods, the recommended therapeutic protocol is the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics that penetrate fibrin, always maintaining them for long periods, and can be administered intravenously and orally, always following the results of the blood culture and antibiogram, without ever forget to periodically evaluate possible coexisting problems that may appear as a result of bacterial endocarditis. Therefore, the objective of this work is to compile data from the literature, highlighting the different methods for diagnosing bacterial endocarditis.