Osteossarcoma em cães: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common malignant bone neoplasm found in small animal clinics, being locally invasive, rapidly metastatic and aggressive in nature. Histologically it is composed of anaplastic mesenchymal cells that produce osteoid. It generally affects the long bones found in the appendicular skeleton of large dogs.giant size, between 5 and 9 years old, but can also affect bones of the axial skeleton such as ribs, vertebrae, skull and jaw bones. The animal will present with acute or chronic pain, lameness and edema in the affected limb. Due to bone weakness, pathological fractures may occur during the development of the disease. Although the diagnosis of OSA is normally based on clinical history and radiographic findings, histopathological examination and cytology are necessary for more reliable confirmation. To prevent this neoplasm from reaching other regions, it is It is recommended to amputate the affected limb, with a safety margin, associated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy sessions, with the aim of prolonging the animal's life and well-being. To control pain, the use of analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be essential, but in most cases it is necessary to use opioids. The prognosis is generally poor, but will depend on how the animal responds to treatment. The objective of this review is to report on neoplasia in issue, in order to allow you to provide quality of life for the affected dog.